Gasoline turbine



Oct. 9, 1945. A, oRLFF GASOLINE TURBINE Filed Dec. 18, 1942 2Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED-STATE Patented Oct. 9, 1945 3 Claims.'Thisinvention relates to improvements i i ternal combustion engines andmorerparticularly to=gasoline turbines for use in aeroplanes, tanks,

etc. One object is toprovide a gasoline turbine that is economical inthe use of fuel. A further -objectis to provide a gasoline turbine thatis capablepf great power and speed and that, at the same time, is ofcomparatively light weight. A

i Jstillfurther object is to provide a gasoline turbine wherein themoving parts are readily accessible so -that'adjustments, repairsandreplacements are readily made. ,;With the foregoing and other objectsin view ;,the invention consists in the combination and arrangement ofparts to be hereinafter fully depointed out in the claims andillustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a part of thispatent and in which:

Fig. 1; is a fragmentary view in side elevation of a turbineconstructedaccording to the present inventlon.

V Fig. '2 isan enlarged fragmentary horizontal cross sectional view,through Fig. 3, taken immediately abovethe exhaust manifold, the statorwall being omitted.

Fig. 3 is a central vertical sectional view through Fig. 1 at rightangles thereto, and,

,, Fig. dis a plan view of a conventional type of timer that may beemployed.

Likereferen'ce characters denote corresponding parts throughout theseveral views. I

The invention comprises a rotor arranged within a stator, each of saidmembers being provided withsegmental members or deflectors arranfled inrows, spaced apart, so that the rows of ter thefuel mixturethrough theintake valves,

connected with the carburetor, said pistons upon their; return strokescompressing the mixture whichis then exploded and discharged through theexhaust valves against the said rows of deflectors, thus-driving therotor, the exhaust gases passinginto theatmosphere from an exhaustmanifold. 1

The reference numeral I denotes the motor block or casing formed with aplurality of perforaspaced apart, and secured by pins 6,. to the stator,said deflectors extending inwardly {almost to the periphery of the rotorI which is keyed to the drive shaft 8. I Extending transversely of theouter periphery of the rotor and arranged in rows are the deflectors 9secured thereto by pins [0, the deflectors of each row being spacedapart to permit clearance therebetween for the deflectors 5, thedeflectors of the several rows carried by the stator are pitched at thesame angle and those of the rotor at a common angle, a row of deflectorsof the stator being pitched substantially at an angle of forty-fivedegrees to those of the rotor, although any one deflector is capable ofmanual adjustment when necessary or desirable to provide such adjustmentas to give the most power. All deflectors 9 are set alike or at a commonangle and manual adjustment of the same is made by first loosening theseveral bolts with a wrench inserted through one of the perforations IIand then manually making the adjustments. This adjustment is made afterthe stator 4 is removed affording access to the deflectors. The rotor ispreferably of sectional construction and perforations II in its ends areprovided to facilitate access to the interior. When the rotor is ofsectional construction this adjustment can be made by merely separatingthe rotor sections.

Secured to one wall I2joi the casing is the cam easing l3 provided withthe removable face plate It and arranged about the periphery of said camcasing are the cylinders i5 secured to the wall i2 by the braces l6. Asthe several cylinders are identical in construction and assembly but onewill be described.

Within the cam casing and loose upon the shaft 8, but keyed againstlongitudinal movement, is the cam 16a substantially triangular andformed with peaks or points l1, l8 and I9 about its periphery.

for engagement by the piston rods, and with auxiliary peaks Ha, la andI9a for engagement by the push rods, thus providing six peaks or points,the peaks and auxiliary peaks being spaced equidistant from each otherrespectively about the cam periphery, the auxiliary peaks beingseparated from each other by cam grooves 20, this construction beingdisclosed in Fig. l in connection with Fig. 3. The cam is formed furtherwith the interiorly recessed portion 20' having the internal teeth 2| inmesh with the gears 22, preferably three in number, that areshaft-supported by the wall l2 and in mesh with the gear 23 fast uponthe shaft 8.

versely thereof are the segmental deflectors 5,

The cylinder I5 is divided interiorly by the partition 24 intocompression-explosion and intake chambers and in the latter is locatedthe piston 25 fast upon the piston rod 21 that extends from cylinder l5into the casing 13 and rests upon the cam, the lower end of said pistonrod being flared and flanged to form the cap 23' to receive one end ofthe spring 28 that encompasses the piston rod and abuts the innerperiphery of the cam casing to yieldlngly retain the flared end of thepiston rod the maximum distance therefrom. The lower end of a push rod26 extends beyond the end of the piston rod and engages the said camgrooves 20 and passes over the auxiliary peaks Ila, 18a and Ho. The pushrod 26 opens the exhaust valve 32 and extends through the;

check valve 29, piston 25 and through piston rod 21 to the cam; Beyondthe piston in an outer direction the push rod extends through thepartition 24, through check valve 29 therein provided with a seatingspring 30, said valve being opened by the gases compressed thereagainstby the piston 25. Fast upon the push rod and adapted to open and closethe port 3|. in the explosion chamber is the exhaust valve 32, the stem33 thereof extending out through the cylinder and having a flanged cap34 secured to its outer ends A head 35 formed upon an extension 36 ofthe cylinder and spaced from the head 34 cooperates therewith to confinethe spring 31 that serves yieldingly to separate said cap and head themaximum distance apart, said spring encompassing the upper end of saidvalve stem and normally keeping the exhaust valve closed. The Push rod26 extends beyond the valve stem and through the cap 34 and at itsextremity carries a flat disc 38 upon which rests the adjacent ends ofthe links 39, 40, each of which is. pivotally connected at itslongitudinal central portion by a pin 41 to a standard 42 secured to thecylinder, the remote ends of said links being pivotally connected to theends of the U-shaped arm 43 that seats upon the said cap 34. The upperend of the cylinder above the port 3| in the explosion chamber is curvedtoward and tapped into the space between the stator and rotor in linewith the deflectors. The explosion chamberis provided with a spark plug44 and the intake chamber with the intake valve 45 that is connected toand receives the fuel mixture from the carburetor, not shown. Normallythe spring within the intake valve 45, as shown in Fig. 3, retains thevalve in retracted closed position closing the valve port to the intakechamber but when suction is induced by the movement of the piston 25from topmost position, the return stroke, the valve is moved to openposition to permit passage of the fuel thereabout and into said chamber.When this return stroke is completed and as the working stroke beginsthe intake valve 45 is closed again. f

In each line with each row of deflectors of the stator and remote fromthe cylinder for that row is an exhaust port 4! formed in the casingthat registers with a port in the exhaust manifold 41. A gear 48 keyedto the shaft 8 is in mesh with a gear 49 secured to the casing for.driving connection with the timer 50. The cylinders are all providedwith water jackets 5| fed through intake port 52 connected to theradiator and in each jacket a plug 53 is provided'which, in the event ofthe water freezing, would be blown out and so prevent damage to theJacket. In operation the push rod travels over the cam as previously setforth while the piston rod, which is recessed parallel with the cam onits tread surface, rides over the peaks l1, l8, l9 and due to itsrecess21b clears the auxiliary peaks Ila, [3a, I90.

and forces the mixture through valve 29 into the explosion chamber andcompresses it. Just after the end of the upward stroke the explosiontakes place, the exhaust valve has just been opened by the push rod andconnections and the force of the explosion is directed against thedeflectors 5, 3. From the flrst deflector of the rotor the force of theexplosion is sent against a deflector oi. the stator and from that backto the next deflector of the rotor until the entire space between thestator and rotor has been traversed, the exhaust gases then passing outthrough the exhaust port 48 and manifold 41. The force of the explosionagainst the deflectors of the rotor has caused them to actuate the rotorand shaft 8 and this movement has actuated the cam which actuates thepistons and push rods in the manner described and this movement carriedon continuously constitutes the operation of the turbine.

In the present form of the turbine there are preferably ten cylindersarranged in a circle about the shaft 3 as a center, the pistons beingspaced equidistant from each other although less than ten cylinders arehere shown. The peaks ll, l8 and I9 being of larger diameter than thauxiliary peaks Ila, I811, 19a are engaged by spaced bosses 29a upon thetread surface of a piston, while the auxiliary peaks of small diameterpass freely between said bosses and are engaged only by the push rods.

As there are ten cylinders equidistant from each other they arethirty-six degrees apart. The three peaks and auxiliary peaks are onehundred twenty degrees apart and while three cylinders are engaged t onetime by the cam peaks the outward strokes of the pistons of thesecylinders start at different times butalmost simultaneously due to thesize or diameter of the piston ends relative to the peak points.

I The path of each piston rod and its associated push rod about the camperiphery is such' 'asto cause orderly and proper intake, compression,

plosion and exhaust of the gases in the related cylinder.

What is claimed is: 1. In a gasoline turbine including a stator a rotorand a drive shaft keyed to said rotor; a cam keyed upon said driveshaft, gear connection between said cam and drive shaft, cylindersarranged peripherally of said cam, pistons in said cylinders, peaks uponsaid cam, auxiliary peaks upon said cam, said cam being grooved betweensaid auxiliary peaks, piston rods connecting said pistons and said camand riding over said peaks,

push rods extending through said pistons and [piston rods and travellingover said auxiliary means for said exhaust valves connecting same andsaid cam. piston rods connecting said pistons other peripherallyof saidcam, auxiliary peaks upon said cam in predetermined positionsrelative tosaid first named peaks, exhaust valves for said cylinders, actuatingmeans for said exhaust valves connecting same and said cam, piston rodsconnecting said pistons and cam, bosses upon said piston rods ridingsaid peaks and clearing said auxiliary peaks, said actuating meansincluding push rods extending freely through said pistons and pistonrods for engagement successively with said auxiliary peaks and grooves,and deflectors for said stator and rotor in line with said exhaustvalves.

ANGEL ORLOFF.

